从流行走向基本控制：四川省棘球蚴病防治40年回顾

doi:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2021.02.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

国家“十三五”棘球蚴病防治规划确定的基本控制目标是到2020年70%的县人群患病率降低到1%以下及犬感染率降低到5%以下。2019年四川省有83%的县达到目标,超过国家目标任务要求。四川省棘球蚴病防治经过重点调查研究阶段、以卫生部门为主的防控试点阶段、部门协同防控初步阶段和政府主导攻坚达到基本控制阶段等4个阶段。四川省棘球蚴病从流行到基本控制,防治工作取得了显著成效,表明以“控制传染源为主、中间宿主防控与病人查治相结合”的综合防治策略十分有效。四川省的成功得益于“党政齐抓,全员共抓”、部门协作、科学防控及专业队伍的支撑,得益于不断探索新的策略措施,如季节性加强犬的驱虫和控制、定居点灭鼠等,以及创新患者筛查管理、健康教育、宿主监测等。未来要坚持行之有效的策略措施,并根据流行及防控的新情况及时优化策略措施,做到精准防控以进一步控制棘球蚴病的流行。

关键词: 四川省, 棘球蚴病, 防治, 流行, 基本控制

Abstract:

The preliminary goal of echinococcosis control in the national 13th five-year plan is to reduce the human prevalence to < 1% and dog infection rate to < 5% in 70% of all endemic counties by 2020. By 2019, 83% of the counties in Sichuan Province had reached the goal, overfulling the national control plan. The control of echinococcosis in Sichuan Province has gone through four stages: the key investigation and research stage, the pilot stage carried out mainly by the health department, the preliminary stage for coordinated control by related departments, and the stage of achieving preliminary control led by the government. Great achievements have been gained in echinococcosis control, from prevalence to preliminary control, demonstrating the significant effectiveness of the comprehensive control strategy of “controling the source of infection as the main strategy, intermediate host control combining with patient screen and treatment”. The success of echinococcosis control in Sichuan Province can be attributed to the strategy of “cooperation of party and government, and population-based mobilization”, the cooperation among departments, scientific control measures, and the support from professional teams; to the continuous exploration of new strategies and measures, such as seasonal strengthening of dog deworming, rodent control in settlements, as well as the innovation of patient screening and management, health education, and monitoring of transmitting hosts. In the future, we should keep exercising the strategies and measures that proved effective in practice, and optimize strategies and measures in response to new epidemic situations timely to achieve accurate control and further control of echinococcosis transmission.

Key words: Sichuan Province, Echinococcosis, Control, Epidemic, Preliminary control

中图分类号:

R532.32

王谦, 张光葭, 喻文杰, 廖沙, 何伟, 黄燕, 李汭芮, 杨柳, 王奇, 姚人新, 张仲双, 刘阳, 钟波. 从流行走向基本控制：四川省棘球蚴病防治40年回顾[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2021, 39(2): 133-138.

WANG Qian, ZHANG Guang-jia, YU Wen-jie, LIAO Sha, HE Wei, HUANG Yan, LI Rui-rui, YANG Liu, WANG Qi, YAO Ren-xin, ZHANG Zhong-shuang, LIU Yang, ZHONG Bo. From epidemic to preliminary control: retrospective review of echinococcosis prevention and control in the past 40 years[J]. Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, 2021, 39(2): 133-138.

参考文献 25

[1]	Jenkins DJ. WHO/OIE manual on echinococcosis in humans and animals: a public health problem of global concern[J]. Int J Parasitol, 2001,31(14):1717-1718. doi: 10.1016/S0020-7519(01)00318-6
[2]	Feng LZ, Mao SB. Parasitology[M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Science and Technology Press, 1964: 1042. (in Chinese)
	( 冯兰洲, 毛守白. 寄生虫病学[M]. 上海: 上海科学技术出版社, 1964: 1042.)
[3]	The Codification Committee of Sixty Years of Disease Control and Prevention in Sichuan Province. Sixty years of disease control and prevention in Sichuan Province[M]. Chengdu: Sichuan Normal University Electronic Publishing House, 2010: 441-447. (in Chinese)
	( 《四川省疾病预防控制工作六十年》编纂委员会. 四川省疾病预防控制工作六十年[M]. 成都: 四川师范大学电子出版社, 2010: 441-447.)
[4]	Wang Q, Huang Y, Yi DY, et al. Epidemiological investigation report of echinococcosis in Sichuan Province[Z]. Bulletin of Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014. (in Chinese)
	( 王谦, 黄燕, 易德友, 等. 四川省包虫病流行情况调查报告[Z]. 四川省疾病预防控制中心编印, 2014.)
[5]	Wu WP, Wang H, Wang Q, et al. A nationwide sampling survey on echinococcosis in China during 2012—2016[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis, 2018,36(1):1-14. (in Chinese)
	( 伍卫平, 王虎, 王谦, 等. 2012—2016年中国棘球蚴病抽样调查分析[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2018,36(1):1-14.)
[6]	Wang Q, Yang L, Wang YF, et al. Disease burden of echinococcosis in Tibetan communities: a significant public health issue in an underdeveloped region of Western China[J]. Acta Trop, 2020,203:105283. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.105283
[7]	Zhu YB, Qiu JM, Qiu DC, et al. The discovery of Echinococcus multilocularis in China[J]. Sichuan J Zool, 1983,2(4):44. (in Chinese)
	( 朱依柏, 邱加闽, 邱东川, 等. 多房棘球绦虫在我国的发现[J]. 四川动物, 1983,2(4):44.)
[8]	Yang W. Epidemic status and control strategies of echinococcosis in Sichuan Tibetan areas[C]. Proceedings of National Symposium on Zoonosis, Beijing, 2006: 332-333. (in Chinese)
	( 杨文. 四川藏区包虫病流行现状与防治对策[C]. 全国人畜共患病学术研讨会论文集, 北京, 2006: 332-333.)
[9]	Heath DD, Robinson C, Shakes T, et al. Vaccination of bovines against Echinococcus granulosus (cystic echinococcosis)[J]. Vaccine, 2012,30(20):3076-3081. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.02.073
[10]	Wang LD. Investigation of important human parasitic diseases in China[M]. Beijing: People’s Medical Publishing House, 2008: 215-217. (in Chinese)
	( 王陇德. 全国人体重要寄生虫病现状调查[M]. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2008: 215-217.)
[11]	Wang Q, Qiu JM, Schantz P, et al. Investigation of risk factors for development of human hydatidosis among households raising livestock in Tibetan areas of western Sichuan Province[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis, 2001,19(2):93-96.
	( 王谦, 邱加闽, Schantz P, 等. 四川省西部藏区家庭饲养牧畜人群包虫病风险因素的调查[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2001,19(2):9-96.)
[12]	Craig PS, Giraudoux P, Wang ZH, et al. Echinococcosis transmission on the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Adv Parasitol, 2019,104:165-246.
[13]	Xiao N, Qiu JM, Nakao M, et al. Echinococcus shiquicus n. sp., a taeniid cestode from Tibetan fox and plateau pika in China[J]. Int J Parasitol, 2005,35(6):693-701. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2005.01.003
[14]	China Ministry of Health, National Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China Notice on the printing and distributing the action plan for the prevention and control of echinococcosis (2010-2015)[J]. Gazette of MOH, China, 2011(1):26-32. (in Chinese)
	( 卫生部, 国家发展改革委, 教育部等. 关于印发《防治包虫病行动计划(2010-2015年)》的通知[J]. 中华人民共和国卫生部公报, 2011(1):26-32.)
[15]	Li D. Sichuan successfully completed the final evaluation of the pilot project of comprehensive control of echinococcosis in Shiqu County [EB/OL]. (2020-08-22) [2021-03-20]. http://scnews.newssc.org/system/20200822/001098221.html. (in Chinese)
	( 李丹. 四川顺利完成石渠县包虫病综合防治试点终期评估[EB/OL]. (2020-08-22) [2021-03-20]. 四川新闻网: http://scnews.newssc.org/system/20200822/001098221.html.
[16]	National Health Commission of People's Republic of China. Adhere to the “Shiqu model” and comprehensively promote the prevention and control of hydatid disease[EB/OL]. (2020-09-27) [2021-03-20]. http://www.nhc.gov.cn/wjw/zccl/201809/3f6a0756a85749139591ddeb658d14ff.shtml .(in Chinese)
	( 中华人民共和国卫生健康委员会. 坚持“石渠模式”全面推进包虫病防治工作[EB/OL]. (2020-09-27) [2021-03-20]. http://www.nhc.gov.cn/wjw/zccl/201809/3f6a0756a85749139591d-deb658d14ff.shtml
[17]	Zhong B, Wang Q. Comprehensive prevention and treatment of echinococcosis, helping Shiqu to achieve prosperity[J]. Mod Prev Med, 2020,47(24):4417-4421. (in Chinese)
	( 钟波, 王谦. 综合防治包虫病, 助力石渠奔小康[J]. 现代预防医学, 2020,47(24):4417-4421.)
[18]	China Health Commission, The United Front Work Department of CPC Central Committee, National Development and Reform Commission, et al. Notice on printing and distributing the national plan for prevention and control of echinococcosis and other key parasitic diseases (2016—2020)[J]. Gazette Natl Heal Fam Plan Comm People’s Repub China, 2016(11):9-14.
	( 国家卫生计生委, 中央统战部, 国家发展改革委, 等. 关于印发全国包虫病等重点寄生虫病防治规划(2016—2020年)的通知[J]. 中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会公报, 2016(11):9-14.)
[19]	Wang Q, Yu WJ, Zhong B, et al. Seasonal pattern of Echinococcus spp. re-infection in owned dogs in Tibetan communities of Sichuan, China and its implications for control[J]. Infect Dis Poverty, 2016,5:60. doi: 10.1186/s40249-016-0155-4
[20]	Wang Q, Zhong B, Yu WJ, et al. Assessment of a 10-year dog deworming programme on the transmission of Echinococcus multilocularis in Tibetan communities in Sichuan Province, China[J]. Int J Parasitol, 2021,51(2/3):159-166. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2020.08.010
[21]	Wang Q, Chen SD, Wang Q, et al. Activities of host animals of Echinococcus spp. observed by infrared triggered cameras in Shiqu, Sichuan[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis, 2019,37(5):622-625. (in Chinese)
	( 王奇, 陈顺德, 王谦, 等. 利用红外触发相机观察四川石渠县棘球绦虫宿主动物活动情况[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2019,37(5):622-625.)
[22]	Zhang GJ, Liao S, Wang YF, et al. Design of an interactive management system between doctors and echinococcosis patients in Sichuan Province[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2018,30(5):581-582, 585. (in Chinese)
	( 张光葭, 廖沙, 王逸非, 等. 四川省棘球蚴病患者-医生交互系统设计[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2018,30(5):581-582, 585. )
[23]	Li RR, Yu WJ, Wang Q, et al. Dynamic observation of the ultrasonography imaging of hepatic echinococcosis patients[J]. J Prev Med Inf, 2018,34(11):1374-1383. (in Chinese)
	( 李汭芮, 喻文杰, 王谦, 等. 肝包虫病患者超声影像动态观察[J]. 预防医学情报杂志, 2018,34(11):1374-1383.)
[24]	Shang JY, Zhang GJ, Liao S, et al. A multiplex PCR for differential detection of Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto, Echinococcus multilocularis and Echinococcus canadensis in China[J]. Infect Dis Poverty, 2019,8:68. doi: 10.1186/s40249-019-0580-2
[25]	Chen F, Liu L, He QL, et al. A multiplex PCR for the identification of Echinococcus multilocularis, E. granulosus sensu stricto and E. canadensis that infect human[J]. Parasitology, 2019,146(12):1-31. doi: 10.1017/S0031182018000951