2015年贵州省人体华支睾吸虫感染现状调查分析

doi:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2021.01.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了解2015年贵州省人体华支睾吸虫感染情况,按照《全国人体重点寄生虫病现状调查方案》和实施细则相关要求,采用分层整群随机抽样的方法从全省16个县（市、区）抽取30个农村和5个城镇为调查点,每个调查点检测不少于250人。采用改良加藤厚涂片法（一粪二检）对被调查者粪样进行检测,镜检华支睾吸虫卵及其他人体重点寄生虫虫卵并计数,同时采集被调查者一般情况信息。结果显示,全省共调查8 838人,华支睾吸虫感染37例,感染率0.42%（37/8 838）,均属轻度感染。男、女华支睾吸虫感染率分别为0.50%（22/4 375）和0.34%（15/4 463）。36例感染者集中于黔东南州,1例在六盘水市,地区间差异有统计学意义（P < 0.01）。农村调查点7 572人,感染率为0.04%（3/7 572）;城镇调查点1 266人,感染率为2.69%（34/1 266）,差异有统计学意义（P < 0.01）。黔东南州城镇调查点中,榕江县（镇区）感染率达11.90%（30/252）,高于凯里市（城区）（1.60%,4/250）（P < 0.01）。37例华支睾吸虫感染者中,仅1例合并蛔虫感染。各年龄组中以11~20岁组感染率最高,为0.97%;文化程度以高中、中专学历人群感染率最高,为3.14%;职业以工人、干部等上班族最高,为2.36%,不同年龄、文化程度、职业人群差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.01）。贵州省黔东南州仍是华支睾吸虫病的重点流行区,需扩大城镇调查点进一步摸清华支睾吸虫感染流行状况。

关键词: 贵州省, 华支睾吸虫, 感染, 调查

Abstract:

To investigate the status of Clonorchis sinensis infection in Guizhou Province, a survey was carried out according to the National Survey Program for Human Key Parasitic Diseases. A total of 30 villages and 5 towns were selected as the survey sites from 16 counties (cities and districts) in the Province using the stratified cluster random sampling method, with no less than 250 people in each site being examined. The fecal samples were examined by the modified Kato-Kats method (two-slide reading/one sample). The eggs of C. sinensis and other important parasites in the fecal samples were examined and counted under microscopy. General information of the participants was collected. A total of 8 838 people were investigated, of them 37 were found with C. sinensis infection, showing a infection rate of 0.42% (37/8 838), and all of them had mild infection. The infection rate in males and females was 0.50% (22/4 375) and 0.34% (15/4 463), respectively. Thirty-six cases were distributed in the Qiandongnan prefecture, and one case in the Liupanshui City, with a significant regional difference (P < 0.01). The infection rate was 0.04% (3/7 572) among 7 572 people in rural areas, and 2.69% (34/1 266) among 1 266 people in urban areas, indicating a significant difference between them (P < 0.01). In the Qiandongnan prefecture, the infection rate in Rongjiang County (township) was 11.90% (30/252), which was significantly higher than that of Kaili City (urban area) (1.60%, 4/250) (P < 0.01). Only one out of 37 cases of C. sinensis infection also had Ascaris lumbricoides infection. The age group of 11-20 years had the highest infection rate (0.97%) among age groups, the education group of high school and college level had the highest infection rate (3.14%) among education groups, and the occupation group of workers and officials had the highest infection rate (2.36%) among occupation groups (P < 0.01). Qiandongnan prefecture is still the key epidemic area of C. sinensis infection in Guizhou Province. It is necessary to expand the survey sites in towns to further understand the prevalence of C. sinensis infection.

Key words: Guizhou Province, Clonorchis sinensis, Infection, Survey

中图分类号:

R532.23

李安梅, 黄雨婷, 姚丹成, 朱爱娅, 李杨, 师伟芳, 戴佳芮, 耿燕, 佘丹娅, 张念恒. 2015年贵州省人体华支睾吸虫感染现状调查分析[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2021, 39(1): 125-128.

LI An-mei, HUANG Yu-ting, YAO Dan-cheng, ZHU Ai-ya, LI Yang, SHI Wei-fang, DAI Jia-rui, GENG Yan, SHE Dan-ya, ZHANG Nian-heng. Investigation and analysis on the prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis infection in Guizhou Province in 2015[J]. Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, 2021, 39(1): 125-128.

图/表 1

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特征	调查人数	感染人数	感染率/%
性别
男	4 375	22	0.50
女	4 463	15	0.34
年龄
≤ 10	1 497	5	0.33
11~20	1 345	13	0.97
21~30	796	7	0.88
31~40	1 215	7	0.58
41~50	1 462	4	0.27
51~60	1 088	0	0
61~70	953	1	0.10
> 70	482	0	0
民族
汉族	5 816	29	0.50
侗族	980	5	0.51
苗族	349	2	0.57
布依族	845	1	0.12
仡佬族	275	0	0
回族	192	0	0
彝族	169	0	0
土家族	101	0	0
黎族	75	0	0
其他	36	0	0
职业
工人、干部	254	6	2.36
商人	95	1	1.05
学生	2 088	17	0.81
农民	5 236	13	0.25
其他	1 165	0	0
文化程度
文盲	1 813	1	0.06
小学	4 342	8	0.18
初中	2 086	10	0.48
高中、中专	477	15	3.14
大专、大学及以上	120	3	2.50
合计	8 838	37	0.42